Oil burner



pril 12, 1927."

G. s. MEIKL ET Al.

O IL BURNER z sheets-sheet 1 Filed Feb. 9, 1925 www INVENTOR lll 8 9 1 1 ATroRNEYS 1,624,350 APrll 11,2 1927 G. s. MEIKLE ET AL OIL BURNER 2 ASheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 9. 1925 Patented i 1.2, i

TES PAT-ENT- OFFICE.

GEORGE s'rANLEY Mmxrn AND HENRY n. MACKAYE, or nnrnorr, MICHIGAN.

. on. BURNER.

Application tiled February 1 0 Itip so arranged, when rotating, as to cause 'a very 'complete atomization of the heavier fuel oils Aand a thorough mixing with air to 'form a combustible mixture. i Another object o f the invention is to profv I l vide an oil burner having a rotating tip with an arrangement for feeding or picking up the oil in a. liquid state and converting it into a highly atomized combustible miX- ture.'

Still another object is to provide a burner which is safe'for use in domestic, furnaces and. is readily installed and adjusted.

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear herein- I after.

The invention accordingly comprises the' features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangement of parts, .which will be exemplied in the construct-ions here.- i'nafter set forth and the scope of the application of which will vbe indicated in the clai nis...-

For a fuller understanding ofthe nature 1 land objects kof the invention, reference should be had to the lfollowing detail description taken in connection with the. accompanying drawings,in which:

Figure 1 shows, mainly 4in y.vertical secv -tion, the parts of av burner arranged in ac- 4eord'ance with the invention; v

Fig. 2Asho\vs,`mainly in elevation, parts being broken away, a View of the underside of the cap of'theburner cup; v 1

Fig.' 3 shows, mainly in side elevation, the

' pick-tube as 'used in the" burner shown in Figio FigsA 4 and? 5 are' fragmeptary sectional 'vieivsshowing modifications."

Referring now to the drawings, 10 denotes an electric motor which' is preferably directly coupled to drivethe shaft. 11,'which as shown is-disposed vertically and is -jour- -nalled to revolve inthe cent-ral hub 12, of

the oil well casing 13. The upper'end of shaft 11l projects beyond the hub 12 and has secured thereto a. burner cup 14 and a cap 15; vthe cap and -cup being so arranged as to be revolved together -by the shaft 11 and to provide `peripheral openings therebetween, as shown clearly at 16. This peripheral opening constitutes theI burner orifice from which issues an annular sheet-like Haine when the burner is in operation.

'The oil well casing 13 is stationarily sup- 65 .ported by means'of a plurality of legs, for example by three legs such as are shown=at 17, and are preferably made collapsible by providing extensible lower sections 18 secured inV place on the upper sections by means of lock-nutsas shown at 19. These legs are `shown also `as havin vfeet 20 se-A cured to blocks 2 1, the; latter ing preferably made of -resilient or Shock-absorbing material.; In consequence the vibration incident to the rotation of the burner parts is substantially absorbed and not transmitted to the floor or other support for the burner structure. i i

The oil well casing is preferably provided with a vplurality of interior horizontal diaphragms, for example Yas shown at 22 and '23 respectively, which divide the interior into a lower chamber, `an intermediate chamber and an upper chamber respectively. The lower chamber comprises the oil Well proper, on the ioor of which are a plurality of radially disposed VWebs 24, which prevent the oil therein from being set `into rotation. The lower diaphragm 22 is also preferably jprovided with a depending annular web 25 which serves to break up crests and -wave `that might otherwise form on'the oil surface in the Aoil Well. Each of these ,diaphragms is preferablyprovided with one or more' openin spectively.; Y

- The diaphragms entend radially inwardly from the outerwall of the oil Well casing but lterminate* suflicie'ntly short to clear an 100 annular skirt 30 when rotatingwhich ex-1' tends down from the bottom of the burner .cup 14. Within the depending skirt is preferabl'y provided .the means for raising or picking up the oil from the 'oil Well and 105 supplying it in atomized` form to the interior 'of the burner cup( In the form of burner illustrated in "'Fig.

1 this means comprises a plurality of what may be termed pick-tubes 31, which are .110

gs, Jas" shown at'2t and 27 re-l -with secured in the `bottom of the cup 14 and have their upper ends closed but project suliciently above the bottom of the burner cup so as to have side openings 32 from which issues the atomized oil when the cup is rotated. These pick-tubes have their lower ends 33 formed so as to skim the surface of the oil in the oil-well and lift a spraT by the velocity principle (i. e., that the height to which a body `can be raised is pro portional 4to thel square of the relative ve-` ocity). The construction will be made clear by reference to Fig. 3. The cup has air holes 34 `formed in its bottom to admit air for combustion.

The cap is likewise referably provided with radial webs 35 which depend into the interior of the burner cup and tend to prevent interior whirling of the combustible mixture within the cup.

It is generally preferable to provide some form of air regulating means, so that the air for combustion may be proportioned to the character of oil being used as fuel; For

this purpose :in air controlling member is arranged to surround the burner cup, and as shown comprises a collar 36, which has an interior lange 37 arrangedto cooperate with the upper wall of the oil-well casing 'to provide an air chamber thereabove or supplying air to the openings 34. On its outsideupper edge the collar has an upstanding saw-toothed cylindrical ring 38 which cooperates with a similar ring 39 on the annulus 40; the latter being movably d lsposed upon the ring 38 and extended 1n Wardly but clears the outer wall of cup 14 thereby substantially closing in the top of the air chamber. The ring 39 on annulus 40 as 'shown is made to tit within the ring.

38, so that when the saw teeth are in register,

'the seriesl of' air openings thus provided are opened to their maximum degree. When the annulus 40 is turned so to move the teeth as far out of register as possible, the` air feed openings are reduced or substantially closed.

The collar 36 is shown as provided at its lower end with an outwardly extending 'flange 41, while the flange 37 is so positioned respect to a saucer-shaped flange 42,'

formedbeneath on the oil-well casing, that any oil which may get onto the collar 36- will drip into the saucer 42.

may flow over the outside of the oil-well casing by reason of the looding of the burner, y

o r from the burner cup, in case the flame becolnes extinguished.

The saucer 42 is accordingly provided with an overflow connection 43 which preferably leads to the float chamber 44 having a float 45 arranged to actuate a shut-off valve 46 in the main oil supply pipe'47, shown as leadthe bottomi'of the oil well casing 13. The

mg from a convenient oil supply source`48 to oil supply source is also preferably provided with means such as shown at 49 for Aregulating the oil level in the oilwell, thereby normally preventing its being flooded.

The operation of the burner thus far described is as follows: The oil-well is sup-- plied with oil from the source 48 so that a constant level is substantially kept therein i the upper end of the tube, becoming there i by broken into very Hue particles which are drawn out at the side openings 32 under the influence of the centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the cup. The oil thus atomized mixes with the air entering through 'the openings 34 to form a colnbustible 1nixture which issues ata relatively high velocity ,from the annular burner orifice 16. lWhen ignited this produces an annular sheet of flame.

The upper and intermediate chambers in the oil-well casing serve as receptacles to intercept any spray splashed up from the lower chamber, also they serve to catch any spray which may tend to be thrown off from the skirt 30. yThe oil thus caught is returned to the oil-well through openings`26 and 27. The generally conical shape shown lili) for the upper wall of the oil-well casing is also advantageous in this connection.

The operatlon of the air regulation and the i safety features are believed to be sulliciently set forth above in connection with the description of their construction so that further comment is unnecessary.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the depending skirt 50 of the cup 14 is provided with an interiorly projecting formation 4which serves as the oil-pick. As shown this comprises a vertically extending web which is generally radial 1n inward contig- The saucer 42 will also catch any 011 which uration, but may be slightly dishcd to serve better as a trough to convey the oil spray.

The lower end of the web is shown as scoopshaped at 52 so that upon rotating the cup, the scoop 52 will lift a spray which will rise into the cup 14 by way of opening 53. Across the upper end of the web 5l just a little above the opening 53 is a short overhung flange 54, against which the spray dashes and is finely broken up; an opening in the flange '54'is also provided at. 55 to allow the resulting atomized spray to issue las nader the influence"ofcentrifugal force to form a ombustible mixture in the cup 14.,

In the modification vshown in Fig. 5, the

skirt 60 of the cup 14 has a spiral grooveY and the sudden arresting of thespray parti'- cles as above pointed out.

While three forms of oil lifting. means have here been described, obviously other.

arrangements with or without the skirtion the burner cup may be arranged to liftthe o1l in accordancewith the velocity principle,

such for example as scoops. 'A Likewise webssuch as shown at 51 maylberpressed in or attached to the skirts instead of being made integral therewith.

v Since certain changes may be made inthe above construction and `vdifferent embodiments of the invention couldrbe made with` out departing from the scope thereof, it-is Y intended that all matter contained in the abovedescript'ion or shown in the `accompanying drawing shall be interpreted 'as illustrative and not in avlimiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the followingclai'ms are intended to' cover all of the generic and specific features ofthe invention herein described, and all 'statements ofthe ofv thelinvention which as a matter` scope of language mighibe' said. to fallvtherebetween. up.. Y i *Y Having described ourinvention, what we A claim as new Patent, is:

and desire' to secure byLetters 1. In 'an oil burner structure-,thecombination with an-oil wellofa rotatable nozzleV p having oillifting means projectingintfo said tsplaced from the airisl of said. nozzlef well e arran to move with the rotation of' said nozzle and to raise an oil supply therefrom by the relativevelocity of said means' with said well, means forrotating said respectto nozzle, and means for atomizing the.- lifted oil 'byimpact disposed in .operative con- Y junctlon'with-said oil-lifting means;

2. In an oil burner structure, 'the combination with an oil well, of' arotatabl'e nozzle beneathlthe oil level and raisejano spray' having a tubular projection arrangedl to dip into said well, said projection'` bein provided withia tip arranged to dip s ightly and conduct the' same into said nozzle, power means for rotti said cup, and barrier meansin said nozz e'dispos'ed in the path of the entering spray whereby atomization is produced bylnpact. i A e 3, In an o'ilfburner structure, the combination with an oil we casing provided with l ,Lea-miscA e junction with said oil lifting means.

having 'a tubular device sealed upper en 'vided-with. a. vertical rotatable shaft,4 of a burner cup secured tov theupper end of said V'shaft and having acap disposed thereonto vduce substantially complete atomization o forotating said I the lifted L-cup, and

-bination with a cham tainted, said means a vertical' rotatable shaft, of a burner 'cup secured to said shaft and having means extending downwardly therefrom into said oil f i well casing and arranged to lift an oil spray therefrom byV the relative velocity. of said means with respect to said well lwhen -rotated, power means for rotating said cup, and means in said cup for atomizing the said f sprayv by impact disposed in operative con- 4. In an oil burner structure, the combination with an oil wellca'sing, provided with a vertical rotatable shaft, of a burner cup secured to the upper end of said shaft extending downwardly therefrom into saidvoil well casing and arranged to Khaveits tip dip belw the and barrier means in said cup for atomizing said spray disposed above and across thc entry of said spray into said cup.

5r Infan oil burner structure, thc combination with achambered oil well casing prof vided with aV vertical rotatable shaft, of a oil level to liftan oil spra therefrom'by the-moveamctfofsaid tubu ar device when yrotated, power means for .rotating said cup, 85

burner cup secured to the upper end of said Y `shaft and havingaca'p' disposed thereon to provide an annular burner orifice, a lurality ofpick-tubes extending from the ttom of said burner'cup and rovided with `tips arranged to skim the sur ace of the oil in said caslng and to lift a spray; therefrom, said tubes extending into said burner cup and provided with 'lateral openings and a d. and power means for rotating saidvertical shaft.Y a. i

i 6, In an' oil burner structure, the combination witlr a chambered oilwell casing prorovide a vnozzle orifice, said cup being pro-v vided with skirt'ed means depending intosad chambered casing and interiorly provided with oil-lifting means, said oil-lifting ,meansl being provided with an oil entrance disposed across said orifice whereby to prooil, power means means for reglating the air supply to said burner. Y

7. Injan .oil burnin i red oil well casing, of a burner cup having airl openings fin, its under side disposed` rotative y above said casing, means on said cup displaced from the axis thereoffand projectlng into said casing adapted for lifting oil when said cup is robeing rovided with a. formation adapted to atonnze said oil by impact and disposed. in operative conjunction with the entrance 'of said means to said cup,

additional means associated with said cup-131i --to.-said `burner cup and an impact barrier structure, the comi matically shutting off for drawing air through said openings when said cup is rotated. and power means for rotating said cup.

8. I n an oil burner structure, the combination with a chambered oil Well casing, of means tor supplying oil thereto, a burner cup rotatably disposed above said casing and provided with a plurality of oil picktubes extending into sa1d casing and arranged to lift oil therefrom, means in said burner cup cooperating with said pick-tubes for atomiz-` sa1d casing about said cup for regulating the admission of air for combustion.

10. In an oil burner structure. the combination with a chambered oil vvell casing, of means for supplying oil thereto, a burner cup rotatably disposed aboi'e said casing and provided with a plurality of oil picktubes extending into said casing, said tubes being formed and arranged to lift and atomize oil therefrom, means for preventing the whirlin;l of oil in said casing, means for preventingT the whirling of the combustible mixture in said cup, and means for rotating said burner cup.

11. In an oil burner structure, the combi nation, with a chamber-ed oil Well casing, of means for supplying oil thereto, a burner cup rotatably dlsposed above said casing and provided Wit-h a plurality of oil pick-tubes displaced from the axis of said cup and extending into said casingl` means for atomizing the lifted oil by impact disposed in operative ronjunetion with said tubes, means for rotating said burner cup, lneans disposed on said casing about said cup for regulating the admission of air for combustion, and means tor regulating the oil supply and for auto said oil supply when said casing is flooded.

12. In an oil burner structure. the combination with a chambered oil Well casing, of means for supplying oil thereto, a burner cup rotatably disposed above said casing and provided with a plurality of picletubes extending into said casing, said tubes being formed and arranged to lift oil from sai casing, means for atomizing the lifted oil b v impact disposed in o erative conjunction with said tubes said o1 well casing being formed-with an lnwardly tapered top portion adapted vto protect against overflows and the like, and having means on the exterior thereot for catching said overflows, and means tor rotating sa1d burner cup.

13. Inan oil burner structure, the combination with a chambered oilwell casing, of a rotatableburner cup disposed thereabove, and means-on said cup adapted for lifting and atomizing oil from said,casing, said casing being provided with webbed partitions for breaking up surges, eddies and returning splashes. l

14. In an oil burner structure, the combination with a chambered oil casing, of a burner cup rotatably disposed thereabove and provided with a plurality of Oil pick? tubes projecting into said casing and adapted when moving relatively thereto for lifting oil therefrom and conveying it into said burner cup, power means for rotating said burner cup. a saucer-like receptacle provided on said casing and arranged to intercept oil overflow, and an air collar disposed about said burner cup and provided with a flange arranged to intercept oil spray thereof from said casing and to deflect the same into said saucer-like receptacle.

15. In an oil burner structure,the combination with a chambered oil casing, of a burner cup rotatably disposed thereabove and provided with a plurality of oil pick-i` tubes projecting into said casing and adaptred when moving relatively thereto for lifting oil therefrom and conveying it into said burner cup, and adapted to lift an oil spray therefrom by the .relative velocity of. said pick-tubes ivith respect to said casing, an int-lependently supported electric motor for rotatingr said burner cup= supporting means arranged to support said easing in operative relation to said motor, and an elastic shockabsorbing device allixed to said supporting means and arranged to absorb vibrations. y

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.

G. STANLEY' MEIKLE. HENRY ,1 1 MACKAYE. 

